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  JDK1.8源码-13-Scanner
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      <h1 id="JDK1-8使用-13-Scanner"><a href="#JDK1-8使用-13-Scanner" class="headerlink" title="JDK1.8使用-13-Scanner"></a>JDK1.8使用-13-Scanner</h1><h2 id="前序"><a href="#前序" class="headerlink" title="前序"></a>前序</h2><p>在笔试编程过程中，关于数据的读取如果迷迷糊糊，那后来的编程即使想法很对，实现很好，也是徒劳，于是在这里认真总结了Java Scanner 类的使用</p>
<a id="more"></a>



<h2 id="常用方法：next-和nextline"><a href="#常用方法：next-和nextline" class="headerlink" title="常用方法：next()和nextline()"></a>常用方法：next()和nextline()</h2><p><img src="http://zhuuu-bucket.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/20200628/201806538.png" alt="mark"></p>
<ul>
<li>上图的方法：只读取对应数据类型的数据，如果输入了非对应数据类型的数据就是报错。</li>
<li>比如：<code>nextlnt():只读取int值</code>，就是只能读取整数类型的数据，如果输入了非整型的数据（浮点型字符串等）就会报错。<br><code>nextFloat（）、nextDouble（）</code>这些也是以此类推，只能读取符合该类型的数据。</li>
<li><strong>next() :  只读取输入直到空格，它不能读取两个由空格或者符号隔开的单词。此外next() 在读取输入后将光标放入到同一行中</strong></li>
<li><strong>nextLine():读取输入，包括单词之间的空格和除回车意外的所有符号（即它会读到行尾）。读取输入后，nextLine()会将光标定位在下一行。</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>废话不多说：show me the code</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>源码</strong></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="title">nextInt</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> nextInt(defaultRadix);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Scans the next token of the input as an &lt;tt&gt;int&lt;/tt&gt;.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * This method will throw &lt;code&gt;InputMismatchException&lt;/code&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * if the next token cannot be translated into a valid int value as</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * described below. If the translation is successful, the scanner advances</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * past the input that matched.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * &lt;p&gt; If the next token matches the &lt;a</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * href="#Integer-regex"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Integer&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; regular expression defined</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * above then the token is converted into an &lt;tt&gt;int&lt;/tt&gt; value as if by</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * removing all locale specific prefixes, group separators, and locale</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * specific suffixes, then mapping non-ASCII digits into ASCII</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * digits via &#123;<span class="doctag">@link</span> Character#digit Character.digit&#125;, prepending a</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * negative sign (-) if the locale specific negative prefixes and suffixes</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * were present, and passing the resulting string to</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * &#123;<span class="doctag">@link</span> Integer#parseInt(String, int) Integer.parseInt&#125; with the</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * specified radix.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param</span> radix the radix used to interpret the token as an int value</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@return</span> the &lt;tt&gt;int&lt;/tt&gt; scanned from the input</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@throws</span> InputMismatchException</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *         if the next token does not match the &lt;i&gt;Integer&lt;/i&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *         regular expression, or is out of range</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@throws</span> NoSuchElementException if input is exhausted</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@throws</span> IllegalStateException if this scanner is closed</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="title">nextInt</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">int</span> radix)</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// Check cached result</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span> ((typeCache != <span class="keyword">null</span>) &amp;&amp; (typeCache <span class="keyword">instanceof</span> Integer)</span><br><span class="line">        &amp;&amp; <span class="keyword">this</span>.radix == radix) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">int</span> val = ((Integer)typeCache).intValue();</span><br><span class="line">        useTypeCache();</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> val;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    setRadix(radix);</span><br><span class="line">    clearCaches();</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// Search for next int</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        String s = next(integerPattern());</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (matcher.group(SIMPLE_GROUP_INDEX) == <span class="keyword">null</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            s = processIntegerToken(s);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> Integer.parseInt(s, radix);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (NumberFormatException nfe) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        position = matcher.start(); <span class="comment">// don't skip bad token</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">throw</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> InputMismatchException(nfe.getMessage());</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<ul>
<li><strong>测试</strong></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">main</span><span class="params">(String[] args)</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    Scanner input = <span class="keyword">new</span> Scanner(System.in);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(<span class="string">"请输入一个字符串(中间能加空格或符号)"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    String a = input.nextLine();</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(<span class="string">"请输入一个字符串(中间不能加空格或符号)"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    String b = input.next();</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(<span class="string">"请输入一个整数"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">int</span> c = input.nextInt(); <span class="comment">// 只能读取Int</span></span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(<span class="string">"请输入一个double类型的小数"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">double</span> d= input.nextFloat();</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(<span class="string">"请输入一个float类型的小数"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">float</span>  f = input.nextFloat();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(<span class="string">"按顺序输出abcdf的值："</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(a);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(b);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(c);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(d);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(f);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li><strong>运行输入：</strong></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">请输入一个字符串(中间能加空格或符号)</span><br><span class="line">我爱祖国！</span><br><span class="line">请输入一个字符串(中间不能加空格或符号)</span><br><span class="line">ILoveChina</span><br><span class="line">请输入一个整数</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">520</span></span><br><span class="line">请输入一个<span class="keyword">double</span>类型的小数</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">12.26e3</span></span><br><span class="line">请输入一个<span class="keyword">float</span>类型的小数</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">3.1415926</span></span><br><span class="line">按顺序输出abcdf的值：</span><br><span class="line">我爱祖国！</span><br><span class="line">ILoveChina</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">520</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">12260.0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">3.1415925</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>





<h2 id="常用用法：hasNext"><a href="#常用用法：hasNext" class="headerlink" title="常用用法：hasNext()"></a>常用用法：hasNext()</h2><p><img src="http://zhuuu-bucket.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/20200628/203935994.png" alt="mark"></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>源码：</strong></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">boolean</span> <span class="title">hasNextInt</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> hasNextInt(defaultRadix);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Returns true if the next token in this scanner's input can be</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * interpreted as an int value in the specified radix using the</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * &#123;<span class="doctag">@link</span> #nextInt&#125; method. The scanner does not advance past any input.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param</span> radix the radix used to interpret the token as an int value</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@return</span> true if and only if this scanner's next token is a valid</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *         int value</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@throws</span> IllegalStateException if this scanner is closed</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">boolean</span> <span class="title">hasNextInt</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">int</span> radix)</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    setRadix(radix);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">boolean</span> result = hasNext(integerPattern());</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span> (result) &#123; <span class="comment">// Cache it</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            String s = (matcher.group(SIMPLE_GROUP_INDEX) == <span class="keyword">null</span>) ?</span><br><span class="line">                processIntegerToken(hasNextResult) :</span><br><span class="line">                hasNextResult;</span><br><span class="line">            typeCache = Integer.parseInt(s, radix);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (NumberFormatException nfe) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            result = <span class="keyword">false</span>;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 返回一个boolean的值</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> result;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li><strong>测试用例</strong></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">main</span><span class="params">(String[] args)</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 通过Scanner构造函数接收控制台输入的信息</span></span><br><span class="line">    Scanner scanner = <span class="keyword">new</span> Scanner(System.in);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(<span class="string">"请输入你的姓名"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 接收一个字符串，可以加出回车键意外所有的信息，包括空格和Tab</span></span><br><span class="line">    String name = scanner.nextLine();</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(<span class="string">"请输入你的ID"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    String ID;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 循环判断hasNextLine()方法是否有输入（返回true或false）</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">while</span> (scanner.hasNextLine())&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// 如果输入的是整型类型，当为整型类型执行循环</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (scanner.hasNextInt())&#123;</span><br><span class="line">            ID = scanner.nextLine();</span><br><span class="line">            System.out.println(<span class="string">"你输入的姓名为："</span>+name);</span><br><span class="line">            System.out.println(<span class="string">"你输入的ID为："</span>+ID);</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;<span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            System.out.println(<span class="string">"请输入数字哦！"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">            ID = scanner.nextLine();</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">continue</span>;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<ul>
<li>运行测试</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">请输入你的姓名</span><br><span class="line">朱酱酱</span><br><span class="line">请输入你的ID</span><br><span class="line">qq353446503</span><br><span class="line">请输入数字哦！</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">353446503</span></span><br><span class="line">你输入的姓名为：朱酱酱</span><br><span class="line">你输入的ID为：<span class="number">353446503</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h2 id="Demo-键盘输入求平均数"><a href="#Demo-键盘输入求平均数" class="headerlink" title="Demo:键盘输入求平均数"></a>Demo:键盘输入求平均数</h2><ul>
<li>注意：如果要输入int 或者 float … 之类的数据，在Scanner中输入之前最好先使用<code>hasNextXxx()</code> 方法进行验证，再使用<code>nextXxx()</code>进行读取接收</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">main</span><span class="params">(String[] args)</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    Scanner scanner = <span class="keyword">new</span> Scanner(System.in);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">double</span> sum = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">int</span> m = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">while</span> (scanner.hasNextDouble())&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// 接收dobule的值</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">double</span> x = scanner.nextDouble();</span><br><span class="line">        m = m + <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">        sum = sum + x;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(m + <span class="string">"个数的和为"</span> + sum);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(m + <span class="string">"个数的平均值是"</span> + (sum / m));</span><br><span class="line">    scanner.close();</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<ul>
<li>测试用例：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">请输入数字：</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">20.0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">30.0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">40.0</span></span><br><span class="line">end</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">3</span>个数的和为<span class="number">90.0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">3</span>个数的平均值是<span class="number">30.0</span>s</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>


      
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